Objectives: The aim of the study was a clinical analysis of risk factors of endometrial cancer such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, obesitas, using oral contraceptives, smoking cigarettes and neoplasm diseases in a family.
Material and methods: Between 1983-1997, 336 patients was operated in 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Medical University of Gdańsk because of endometrial cancer. 117 women, who answered inquiry form questions was selected.
Results: The median age of patients was 58.9 years (41 to 83 years). In 71.79% the neoplasm disease was found in postmenopausal age. Nulliparas was 16.2%. In 96 cases (82.5%) an adenocarcinoma was found, in 14 cases (12.0%)--a adenosquamous cell carcinoma and in 1 case (0.8%)--a squamous cell carcinoma of uterine corpus was found. In 51 patients (43.6%) a obesitas was found, in 44 patients (43.6%)--hypertension and in 14 patients (11.9%)--diabetes mellitus. In 11 cases (9.4%) diabetes mellitus and hypertension coexist and in 9 cases (7.7%)--all diseases. Only 2 women (1.7%) used oral contraceptives, so it is impossible to estimate its influence on risk of endometrial cancer. 18 patients (15.4%) was smokers and 49 women (41.9%) had a neoplasm diseases in their families (the most often--43.7%--a neoplasm disease was in families of women with adenocarcinoma).
Conclusions: The percentage of nulliparas was lower then it is described in literature (40-50%) and was 16.2%. The highest percentage of nulliparas was found in a group of women with adenosquamous carcinoma. The most often histological type of endometrial carcinoma was high-differentiated adenocarcinoma.